Hábitat, agregaciones y desarrollo postembrionario del milpiés Hirudicryptus canariensis (Loksa, 1967) en el bosque de laurisilva de Tenerife (Diplopoda: Siphonocryptida)

Leif Moritz‍; Thomas Wesener‍; Benjamin Wipfler‍

doi:10.3989/graellsia.2023.v79.347

Autores/as

Leif Moritz‍ Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Study of Biodiversity Change (LIB) - Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Ecology, University of Bonn https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6028-5189
Thomas Wesener‍ Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Study of Biodiversity Change (LIB) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2028-3541
Benjamin Wipfler‍ Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Leibniz Institute for the Study of Biodiversity Change (LIB https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2367-6789

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.3989/graellsia.2023.v79.347

Palabras clave:

endemismo, Erica platycodon, Islas Canarias, Macaronesia, Macizo de Anaga, social

Resumen

Los milpiés (Diplopoda) son detritívoros que viven generalmente ocultos dentro del suelo y la hojarasca, y en la mayoría de las especies poco se conoce sobre su biología. Esto es especialmente cierto en el caso de los enigmáticos Colobognatha, como Hirudicryptus canariensis, un milpiés sifonócriptido endémico de los bosques de laurisilva de la Macaronesia. Hasta ahora, nadie ha reportado observaciones de un Siphonocryptida vivo. Aquí presentamos observaciones de ejemplares vivos en el macizo de Anaga en Tenerife, Islas Canarias (España), así como también datos sobre su desarrollo postembrionario basados en observaciones de 296 ejemplares, incluyendo datos de la literatura. En Tenerife Hirudicryptus canariensis se encontró exclusivamente sobre y bajo la corteza del brezo Erica platycodon a elevaciones de 630-‍870 m. Hirudicryptus canariensis forma agregaciones de individuos juveniles y maduros con varios cientos de ejemplares por árbol y puede considerarse como ‘temporalmente subsocial. H. canariensis eclosiona con 6 terguitos y 7 pares de patas (estadio I), careciendo de un terguito ápodo, y en los estadios posteriores siempre tiene un único terguito aparentemente ápodo, aunque se añade un número variable de terguitos con patas. Por lo tanto, estos últimos pueden desarrollarse de nuevo sin un precursor ápodo. El número de pares de patas es siempre impar, y los gonópodos inmaduros(modificaciones de los pares de patas 9 y 10 en los machos) aparecen inicialmente en individuos del estadio III con 15 terguitos y 23 pares de patas. Los gonópodos están completamente desarrollados en el estadio IV. El desarrollo postembrionario se refleja en parte en el patrón de color. Para futuras identificaciones de H. canariensis, proporcionamos los primeros datos de la secuencia genética (CO1) de la especie y los primeros datos moleculares de un miembro de los Siphonocryptida.

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