Nueva especie de Leistus Fröhlig, 1799 de las Islas Canarias (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Nebriinae) ; A new Leistus Fröhlig, 1799 from the Canary Islands (Coleoptera: Carabidae, Nebriinae)

Leistus kratkyi n. sp. is described from the island of La Gomera, in the Canarian archipelago. It belongs to the subgenus Nebrileistus Banninger, 1925, a Macaronesian endemism with two further species known: Leistus (Nebrileistus). ellipticus Wollaston, 1854 from Madeira, and L. (Nebrileistus) nubivagus Wollaston, 1864, from Tenerife and Gran Canaria. The new species shares characters from both taxa, and is characterised by the presence of four setae on the prementum; pronotum and elytra with testaceous margins: very transverse pronotum, and elytra broadened near their base. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:28F6DCBB-F1E2-4EDA-AE26-12B5FABB9867


Introduction
Leistus Fröhlig, 1799 is a species-rich genus (aprox. 190 spp., f. Lorenz 2005) widely distributed in the Palaearctic and Nearctic regions. The primitive subgenus Nebrileistus Bänninger, 1925 is endemic to Macaronesia, with two species so far known: L. ellipticus Wollaston, 1854 from Madeira, and L. nubivagus Wollaston, 1864 from Tenerife and Gran Canaria, in the Canary Islands (Machado 1992). Nebrileistus is characterised by mandibles not expanded laterally and without ventral fringe of setae; reduced paraglossae, and ligula with long arms, not carinate ventrally, and bearing two very fine setae inserted on little tubercles just before the arms junction (Perrault 1981). Recently, a new species of this subgenus has been discovered in the laurel forests of La Gomera, at the National Park of Garajonay, in the Canary Islands. The description of this striking novelty is the purpose of the present short contribution. The holotype has been deposited in the Natural History Museum of Santa Cruz de Tenerife (TFCM). Diagnosis. Leistus of moderate size (6.5-6.7 mm), piceous colour with margins of elytra and pronotum testaceous or reddish; mandibles not expanded laterally and without ventral fringe of setae (Nebrileistus); prementum with 4 robust basal setae; pronotum very transverse (length/wide ratio 0.62), little constricted at base; elytra sub-acuminate, broadest at basal fifth.

Leistus
DescripTion. Length 6.5-6.7 mm, body elongate, teguments brilliant, of dark piceous colour except margins of pronotum and elytra which are testaceous or of pale brown-reddish colour, same as mouthparts, legs, and ventrites 4 and 5. Micro-reticulation isodiametric on head, a little transverse on pronotum and elytra. Winged.  Head robust, broad at base; dorsal integument with disperse small punctures; frontal furrows rugulose; eyes large, round and prominent (45% convexity); temples short, oblique; one supraorbital seta; mandibles long, acute-pointed and simple (not expanded at outer margin and without ventral fringe of setae); paraglossae reduced; ligula trifid, long, overpassing mandibles when closed, with median branch (bent downwards) almost twice as long as lateral branches, not carinate basally and with two fine long hairs before cross; prementum with 4 robust median setae; mentum with 4-5 deep transverse furrows at middle third, one seta at each side of dent´s indentation, and 2 robust median setae at base (plus 3 smallish setae between) ( Fig. 2A). Antennae long and slender (2.7× length of pronotum).
Pronotum notably transverse (L/W = 0.62); subconvex; sides more curved anteriorly and less posteriorly, widest above middle (coincident with lateral seta); anterior angles hardly protruding; base broad, slightly shorter as base of elytra, little emarginate at middle third; posterior angles obtuse, with small acute dent; lateral foveae deep and wide; median line very fine. Punctures coarse, moderately dense along base (partly foveolate) and anterior submarginal arch, shallower and scarcer on lateral margins, and even less (mostly effaced) on disc, which has coriaceous superficial impressions (not completely smooth).
Ventral parts moderately shiny, with deep separate punctures on all episternites, lateral margins of metasternum, ventrite 1 and part of ventrite 2.
Aedeagus (Fig. 2B) with median lobe uniformly curved, broad blunt tip (opened to the right), and sagittal process of basal bulb as high as median lobe at middle; right paramer as long as median lobe without sagittal process.
eTymology. The species is named after my Czech colleague Jiří Krátký (Hradec Králové), who is deeply interested in the Canarian coleoptera fauna and showed me the first specimen of this remarkable new ground-beetle.
remarks. Leistus (N.) kratkyi n. sp. looks most similar in size and shape to L. (N.) nubivagus (Fig. 1B), whereas the latter is of more uniformly reddish-brown colour (margins paler) and in the new species the testaceous or reddish margins of pronotum and elytra are better delimited and more contrasting with the dark piceous colour of the body. Moreover, its elytra are less flattened distally, shorter and clearly expanded laterally before their base, with sides weakly bisinuate and subconvergent to apex (not parallel or subparallel); length ratio elytra/pronotum = 3.0 (instead of > 3.3); the 7 th stria is not completely effaced; the punctures of pronotum and head are better impressed,  denser and more amply distributed; the prementum has 4 setae instead of 3; the mentum bears 2 basal median setae and 2 (not 4) on its dent: the mandibles are longer and more sharp-pointed; the ligula is much longer; the eyes are slightly less prominent, the elytral striae more crenulate than puncturate and less effaced apically, etc. According to Perrault (1981), L. (N.) ellipticus has also 4 (exceptionally 6) setae at base of prementum and long sharp-pointed mandibles, but it is of larger size and easy to be distinguished by the narrower elliptical elytra (shoulders almost effaced) and less transverse pronotum (L/W = 0.7).
There are no significant differences between the aedeagi of L. (N.) kratkyi n. sp. and L. (N.) nubivagus, both with a largely developed sagittal process of the basal bulb (small in L. ellipticus), suggesting a closer relationship despite the differences in the mentumprementum chaetotaxy. The drawings of the aedeagi presented by Perrault (op. cit DisTribuTion anD ecology. The three specimens known of L. kratkyi n. sp. have been collected separately in the margins of the humid laurel-forest (El Cedro), on the island of La Gomera, at about 900 m altitude. Leistus nubivagus lives in similar conditions on Tenerife, but it dwells also at higher altitude (600-1600 m) inhabiting the humid Canary pineforest, a habitat not naturally present in the island of La Gomera. These Leistus are scarce -according to Wollaston (1865) "one of the rarest Canarian coleoptera"-and can be found occasionally under stones, but with better chances at night, when they are active and climb for hunting on lower plants or bushes that grow in the clearings of the forest. As its congeners, L. (N.) kratkyi n. sp. is hygrophilous and apparently a winter animal.
Key to species of subgenus Nebrileistus Banninger, 1925