1Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, área de Zoología. Universidad de León. 24071 León (España);
sara.i.l.c@hotmail.com; ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0032-5302
2INTA EEA Mendoza. San Martín, 3853. 5507 Luján de Cuyo (Mendoza, Argentina);
ortegojaime@yahoo.com.ar; ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9738-7085
3Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, área de Zoología. Universidad de León. 24071 León (España);
mpmied@unileon.es; ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7834-1778
4Departamento de Biodiversidad y Gestión Ambiental, área de Zoología. Universidad de León. 24071 León (España);
jmnien@unileon.es; ORCID ID: http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6714-2415
SUMMARYAphis cuyana López Ciruelos & Ortego, sp. n. (Aphididae, Aphidinae) is described from apterous and alate viviparous females collected on Gymnophyton polycephalum (Apiaceae) in localities of the Argentinean provinces of La Rioja, San Juan and Mendoza. A table with differences of the apterous viviparous females of the new species from the species of Aphis and its close genera Andinaphis and Protaphis known in South America is presented. http://urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:4834FEF4-171C-4EBD-BF91-2137B517491E Key words: Aphids; new species; South America; Aphis; Andinaphis; Protaphis. |
RESUMENUna nueva especie de Aphis Linnaeus, 1758 (Hemiptera, Aphididae) recogida sobre Gymnophyton Clos (Apiaceae) in Argentina Se describe Aphis cuyana López Ciruelos & Ortego, sp. n. (Aphididae, Aphidinae) a partir de hembras vivíparas ápteras y aladas recogidas sobre Gymnophyton polycephalum (Apiaceae) en localidades de las provincias argentinas de La Rioja, San Juan y Mendoza. Se presenta una tabla con las diferencias de las hembras vivíparas ápteras de la nueva especie con las de Aphis y sus géneros vecinos Andinaphis y Protaphis, conocidas en América del Sur. Palabras clave: Pulgones; áfidos; especie nueva; América del Sur; Aphis; Andinaphis; Protaphis. |
Recibido/Received: 1/07/2016; Aceptado/Accepted: 16/11/2016; Publicado en línea/Published online: 24/02/2017 Cómo citar este artículo/Citation: López Ciruelos, S. I., Ortego, J., Mier Durante, M. P. & Nieto Nafría, J. M. 2017. A new species of Aphis Linnaeus, 1758 (Hem. Aphididae) collected on Gymnophyton Clos (Apiaceae) in Argentina. Graellsia, 73(1): e055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/graellsia.2017.v73.171 Copyright: © 2017 SAM y CSIC. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-by) Spain 3.0 License. |
CONTENT |
Many species belonging to family Apiaceae are host plants for species of aphids, included species of Aphis Linnaeus, 1758 (Aphididae Aphidina), which have different distribution and are diverse in trophic preferences, some species are endemic and other cosmopolitan, several ones are polyphagous and other are more or less stenophagous. No records of aphids exist on plants of apiaceous genus Gymnophyton Clos. This genus is South American and include few species, only six in the South Cone (Blackman & Eastop, 2016; Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, 2016).
Aphids belonging to genus Aphis have been collected in last years in Argentinean localities on Gymnophyton polycephalum (Gillies & Hook.) Clos, which is known in the provinces of Salta, Catamarca, La Rioja, San Juan and Mendoza, from North to South (Instituto de Botánica Darwinion, 2016). They present peculiar features that permit to us establish a new species (see above the taxonomic discussion).
Aphis cuyana López Ciruelos & Ortego, sp. n.
http://urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2A81E7F3-D0E5-4A99-95D4-562511F70A91
TYPE MATERIAL: Holotype, apterous viviparous female (labelled with the number 5 of the sample ARG-752), collected on Gymnophyton polycephalum, ARGENTINA, La Rioja, Cuesta de Miranda (29º 21’ S, 67º 47’ W, 2010 m), 26-November-2002, Mier Durante, Ortego & Nieto Nafría leg., Universidad de León collection (Leon, Spain). Paratypes, 21 apterous viviparous females and 2 alate viviparous females collected at same time than the holotype; 17 apterous viviparous females and 8 alate viviparous females, same plant, locality and collectors, 2-November-2006 (sample ARG-1101); 20 apterous viviparous females, same plant and collectors, ARGENTINA, La Rioja, Paso Pircas Negras (28º 34’ S, 68º 44’ W, 2910 m), 25-November-2002 (ARG-739); 26 apterous viviparous females and 1 alate viviparous female, same plant and collectors, ARGENTINA, San Juan, pie del Paso Agua Negra, (30º 22’ S, 69º 30’ W, 2700 m), 24-November-2002 (ARG-732); 42 apterous viviparous females and 1 alate viviparous female, same plant, date and collectors, ARGENTINA, San Juan, Paso Agua Negra, (30º 22’ S, 69º 35’ W, 2960 m), 24-November-2002 (ARG-728); 66 apterous viviparous females (all “small” form), same plant, ARGENTINA, Mendoza, Uspallata (32º 34’ S, 69º 19’ W, 1900 m), 7-January-2013, J. Ortego leg. (ARG-1705); Universidad de León and Natural History Museum (London, United Kingdom).
APTEROUS VIVIPAROUS FEMALES, big form (Figs. 1A, 1E): From 127 specimens, which 76 have been measured. When alive caramel to brown with dorsal bright spots. When mounted, specimens have parts and sclerites more or less pigmented (see above). Metric and meristic features in Table 1. Head, including clypeus and mandibular and maxillar lames and rostrum brown. Frons nearly flat or sometimes gently sinuated. Antennal segment I, II, VI and apex of V more or less dark brown, like head. Other antennal segments pale. Rostrum reaches nearly to the hind leg coxae. Its ultimate segment is darker than the other and has 2 accessory setae lateral to grove. Coxae, trochanters, tarsi, apex of tibiae, brown like head; front and medial femora homogenously light brown, paler than coxae; hind femora with half or two thirds distal part darker than anterior femora and as dark as coxae and trochanters. Prothorax and mesothorax with individual brown entire or fragmented transverse dorsal band. Metathorax with brown fragmented transverse band, sometimes reduced to marginal sclerites. First segment of tarsi with 2 or 3 setae. Dorsum of abdominal segments 1–6 with individual spinopleural transversal and irregularly edged patches, which can be coalescent one another in different ways, come up to form a patch with unsclerotized intersegmental spots. Abdominal segments 1–4 without marginal sclerites. Small antesiphuncular and postsiphuncular patches, sometimes fragmented in sclerites. Abdominal segments 7 and 8 with individual transverse bands carrying spinules. All segmental sclerotization as dark as head. Intersegmental and spiracular sclerites always conspicuous and dark brown. Hind tibae of several specimens of spring sample ARG-1101 carries 1–7 (exceptionally up to 12 and one specimen with 17 and 25) well defined, small and pale scent plates; these specimens also carry an exceptional higher number setae on abdominal segment 8. Marginal prothoracic tubercles, smaller than the triommatidium, but more voluminous than marginal tubercles on abdominal segments 1 and 7. Intermediate abdominal segments without marginal tubercles. Siphunculi tapered on proximal half and subcylindrical on distal one, little longer than cauda, homogeneously dark brown to black, darker other body part, with scales and small flange. Genital and anal plates dark brown. Cauda finger-shaped, with slight constriction and medial edges more or less parallel. Setae in general robust and pointed.
apterous viv. fem. “big” form | apterous viv. fem. “small” form | alate viv. fem. | |
Body [mm] | 1.500–2.325 | 1.300–1.475 | 1.500–2.125 |
Body / hind tibia [times] | 1.512–2.270 | 2.000–2.292 | 1.455–2.576 |
Antenna [mm] | 1.00–1.50 | 0.74–0.85 | 1.27–1.53 |
Antenna / Body [times] | 0.548–0.830 | 0.535–0.600 | 0.624–0.883 |
Ant. segm. III [mm] | 0.23–0.37 | 0.16–0.20 | 0.30–0.38 |
Ant. segm. III / Ant. segm. VI processus terminalis [times] | (1.02)1.10–1.77 | 1.10–1.39 | 1.28–1.74 |
Ant. segm. IV [mm] | 0.15–0.29 | 0.11–0.14 | 0.24–0.33 |
Ant. segm. V [mm] | 0.18–0.29 | 0.11–0.15 | 0.23–0.29 |
Ant. segm. VI base [mm] | 0.11–0.16 | 0.10–0.15 | 0.13–0.16 |
Ant. segm. VI processus terminalis [mm] | 0.17–0.26 | 0.13–0.16 | 0.20–0.26 |
Ant. segm. VI processus terminalis / Ant. segm. VI base [times] | 1.18–2.14 | 0.97–1.52 | 1.50–1.76 |
Ultimate rostral segm. [mm] | 0.12–0.15 | 0.11–0.12 | 0.12–0.13 |
Ultimate rostral segm. / its basal width [times] | (2.18)2.27–3.13 | 2.44–2.88 | 2.30–3.12 |
Ultimate rostral segm. / Ant. segm. VI base [times] | 0.80–1.17 | 0.72–1.10 | 0.75–0.92 |
Ultimate rostral segm. / hind tarsus, 2nd segm. [times] | 0.76–0.89(1.00) | 0.85–0.96 | 0.82–0.96 |
Hind femur [mm] | 0.45–0.68 | 0.35–0.40 | 0.40–0.55 |
Hind tibia [mm] | 0.80–1.20 | 0.60–0.70 | 0.83–1.12 |
Hind tarsus, 2nd segm. [mm] | 0.13–0.16 | 0.11–0.14 | 0.13–0.14 |
Siphunculus [mm] | (0.18)0.20–0.29 | 0.12–0.15 | 0.14–0.22 |
Siphunculus / its basal width [times] | 2.05–3.92 | 2.15–3.63 | 3.0–5.0 |
Siphunculus / its middle width [times] | 2.68–4.60(4.90) | 3.11–3.71 | 3.5–5.0 |
Siphunculus / Cauda [times] | 1.00–1.41 | 0.86–1.32 | 0.97–1.18 |
Cauda [mm] | 0.15–0.23 | 0.11–0.15 | 0.13–0.18 |
Cauda / its basal width [times] | 1.03–1.86(1.96) | 0.73–1.23 | 1.00–1.28 |
Setae on … | |||
… Vertex [μm] | 22–33 | 17–25 | 20–28 |
… Vertex / b. d. Ant. segm. III [times] | 0.9–1.4 | 1.0–1.7 | 0. 9–1.4 |
… Ant. segm. III [number] | 5–11 | 5–7 | (5)6–9 |
… Ant. segm. III [μm] | 12–20 | 10–15 | 12–18 |
… Ant. segm. III / b. d. Ant. segm. III [times] | 0.5–0.9 | 0.6–1.0 | 0.6–0.9 |
… Hind trochanter, posterior [μm] | 25–42(48) | 25–38 | 20–30 |
… Hind trochanter, posterior / trochantero-femoral suture [times] | 0.4–0.9 | 0.6–1.0 | 0.4–0.7 |
… Hind femur, dorsal [μm] | 15–35 | 15–25 | 17–25 |
… Hind femur, dorsal / b. d. Ant. segm. III [times] | 0.6–1.6 | 1.0–1.5(1.7) | 0.9–1.4 |
… Hind femur, ventral [μm] | 17–38 | 17–25 | 20–28 |
… Hind femur, ventral / b. d. Ant. segm. III [times] | 0.8–1.7 | 1.1–1.5 | 1.0–1.6 |
… Hind tibia, at middle, dorsal [μm] | 20–43 | 25–30 | 17–28 |
… Hind tibia, at middle, dorsal / hind tibial diameter at middle [times] | 0.2–0.5 | 0.3–0.4 | 0.2–0.3 |
… Hind tarsi, 1st segm. [number] | 2–3 | 2–3 | 3 |
… Abdominal segm. 2–4, marginal [μm ] | 22–32 | 17–25 | 20–30 |
… Abdominal segm. 2–4, marginal / b. d. Ant. segm. III [times] | 0.9–1.5 | 1.1–1.7 | 1.1–1.5 |
… Abdominal segm. 8 [number] | (2)3–4(9) | 2–4 | 2–6 |
… Abdominal segm. 8 [μm] | 30–55(60) | 27.5–55(60) | 45–55(60) |
… Abdominal segm. 8 / b. d. Ant. segm. III [times] | 1.2–2.8 | 1.8–3.7 | 2.2–3.1 |
… Genital plate, discal [number] | 2–5 | 2–4 | 2–7 |
… Genital plate, marginal [number] | 10–12 | 10–16 | 12–18 |
… Cauda [number] | 5–10 | 5–7 | (6)7–10 |
Fig. 1.— Aphis cuyana López Ciruelos & Ortego, sp. n. A, E, apterous viviparous female, “big” form; B, F, apterous viviparous female, “small” form; C, D, alate viviparous female. A, B, habitus; E, F, cauda; C, dorsum of abdomen; D, antenna. Scale bar: a — A, B, C; b — D, E, F. |
APTEROUS VIVIPAROUS FEMALES, small form (Figs. 1B, 1F): From 66 specimens, which 13 have been measured. When alive similar to “big” females, but without bright spots. When mounted very pale because have not segmental dorsal sclerotization (reduced to a small transverse band on abdominal segment 8 and sometime setiferous pale sclerites on segment 7), and the pigmentation of intersegmental and spiracular sclerites, antennae in general, rostrum, trochanters and femora is more less intense than the “big” females. Siphunculi subcylindrical and cauda triangular. Metric and meristic features in Table 1.
ALATE VIVIPAROUS FEMALES (Figs. 1C, 1D): From 12 specimens, which 11 have been measured. Similar to apterous viviparous “big” females, more intense and wide pigmented. Ocelli surrounded by a dark ring. Segments of antennal flagellum with strong imbrication. Antennal segment III with 6–12 secondary sensoria ventrally aligned along the segment, and segment IV sometimes with 2–4 secondary sensoria. Spinopleural patches slender and completely individualized. Round marginal patches on abdominal segments 2–6. One specimen of sample 732 has 1 marginal tubercle on abdominal segment 2. Siphunculi subcilindrical. Other quantitative features in Table 1.
BIOLOGY: Gymnophyton polycephalum (Gilles & Hook.) Clos is at the moment the only host plant for Aphis cuyana sp. n. It should be holocyclic without host alternation, as usual in the species of this genus in mountain areas of Argentina. The species presents during summer one or several generations of apterous viviparous females that are smaller and paler than the spring or autumnal generations, adjectival aestivating, dwarf, small, like the South American A. mendocina Mier Durante & Ortego, 2006, A. eucollinae López Ciruelos & Ortego, 2016, A. melosae Mier Durante & Ortego, 1999, or the North American A. rubicola Oestlund, 1887, or several European species, e.g. A. hieracii Schrank, 1801, A. confusa Walker, 1849, A. lambersi (Börner, 1940), A. ruborum (Börner, 1931) (see Mier Durante & Ortego 1999; Blackman & Eastop, 2016).
DISTRIBUTION: It is possible that the new species is present in the area where its host plant grows.
ETYMOLOGY: The specific epithet cuyana, is an adjective that means inhabiting on the Argentinean region of Cuyo (entire or in part current provinces of San Juan, San Luis, Mendoza and La Rioja).
TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION: Aphis cuyana sp. n. is the 56th species of Aphis, in current sense of genus, recorded from South America, twenty-two are introduced and 34 are native (Ortego et al., 2013; López Ciruelos et al., 2016; Nieto Nafría et al., 2016a, 2016b; González Rodríguez et al., 2017). To establish the taxonomic identity of the new species, several characteristic of its apterous viviparous “big” and “small” females are confronted with selected more evident characteristics of other 55 species of Aphis and three close relatives belonging to genera Andinaphis and Protaphis (Table 2); firstly (1) presence (in A. cuyana) or lack of marginal tubercles on abdominal segment 7 and presence (in A. cuyana) or absence of posterior setae on genital plate, or (2) lack (in A. cuyana) or presence of marginal tubercles on abdominal segments 2–4, or (3) lack (in A. cuyana) or presence of marginal sclerotization on abdominal segments 2–4, and subsequently other qualitative or quantitative features if it were necessary.
aphid species | differential characters with the “big” apterous viviparous females of A. cuyana sp. n. | differential characters with the “small” apterous viviparous females of A. cuyana sp. n. | host plant | component |
An. paradoxa (Mier Durante, Ortego & Nieto Nafría, 1997) | ABD 7 (and also ABD 1 and prothorax) without marginal tubercles | Senecio (Asteraceae) | native | |
A. acaenaevora Mier Durante & Ortego, 1998 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles | Acaena (Rosaceae) | native |
A. acuminata Nieto Nafría & von Dohlen, 2016 | discal plate or wide spinopleural patch plus marginal sclerites on ABD 2–4 | Adesmia (Fabaceae) | native | |
A. affinis Del Guercio, 1911 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | ANT VI p.t. 1.7 times ANT VI b. at least; u.r.s. longer than h.t.II | Mentha and other Lamiaceae | introd.: diverse origin |
A. alstroemeriae Essig, 1953 | u.r.s. 1.0 times h.t.II at least; setae on ANT III longer than the basal width of ANT III. | Alstroemeria (Alstroemeriaceae) | native | |
A. amaranthi Holman, 1974 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | ANT VI p.t. 2.2 times ANT VI b. at least; 8–10 caudal setae | Amaranthus (Amaranthaceae) | introd.: Nearctic origin |
A. asclepiadis Fitch, 1851 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | ANT III–V and siphunculi rough | species of numerous families | introd.: Nearctic origin |
A. berberidorum Ortego & Mier Durante, 1997 | ABD 2–4 with marginal sclerites, sometimes part of a dorsoabdominal plate | ABD 7–8 with individual transverse bands; cauda pointed | Berberis (Berberidaceae) | native |
A. biobiensis Nieto Nafría & Mier Durante, 2016 | ANT III rough, siphunculi also rough and 1.4–1.8 times cauda. | Adesmia (Fabaceae) | native | |
A. carrilloi Ortego, Mier Durante & Nieto Nafría, 2013 | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles | Gunnera (Gunneraceae) | native | |
A. cinerea Nieto Nafría & Ortego, 2002 | sometimes with marginal sclerites; cauda finger-shaped with marked proximal straight and pointed apex; dense white wax powder when alive | Lathyrus (Fabaceae) | native | |
A. conflicta Nieto Nafría, Ortego & Mier Durante, 2008 | marginal sclerites usually present, and also frequently spinopleural patch or discal plate; [u.r.s. 1.0 times h.t.II at least; setae on ANT III 20 μm at least] | u.r.s. 1.0 times h.t.II at least; setae on ANT III 20 μm at least | Rhamnaceae | native |
A. coreopsisdis (Thomas, 1878) | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | cauda finger-like and much shorter than siphunculi | Bidens and other Asteraceae genera | introd.: Nearctic origin |
A. coridifoliae Mier Durante & Ortego, 1999 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles | Baccharis (Asteraceae) | native |
A. craccivora Koch, 1854 | discal plate | species of numerous families | introd.: diverse origin | |
A. cytisorum Hartig, 1841 | discal plate, or wide spinopleural patch with marginal sclerites | Cytisus and other woody Fabaceae | introd.: diverse origin | |
A. danielae Remaudière, 1994 | discal plate or marginal sclerites on ABD 2–4 in addition to spinopleural sclerotization | Lycium (Solanaceae); Echinopsis (Cactaceae) | native | |
A. eucollinae López Ciruelos & Ortego, 2016 | siphunculi pale wit smoky apex | Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) | native | |
A. fabae Scopoli, 1763 | ABD 1–4 frequently with small marginal sclerites sometimes in addition to spinopleural bands or sclerites; cauda broad finger-shaped with 11 setae at least | species of numerous families | introd.: diverse origin | |
A. farinosa Gmelin, 1790 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | siphunculi pale and very long (1.7 times cauda at least) | Salix (Salicaceae) | introd.: diverse origin |
A. forbesi Weed, 1889 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | ANT VI p.t. 1.6 times ANT VI b. at least; u.r.s. 1.6 times h.t.II at least | Fragaria (Rosaceae) | introd.: Nearctic origin |
A. gossypii Glover, 1877 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | cauda finger-shaped and paler than siphunculi; ANT VI p.t. 2 times ANT VI b. at least | species of numerous families | introd.: diverse origin |
A. hederae Kaltenbach, 1843 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization, but if sclerites are present: ANT III with secondary sensoria | Hedera (Araliaceae) | introd.: diverse origin | |
A. illinoisensis Shimer, 1866 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | hind tibiae dark; siphunculi much more longer than cauda | Vitis (Vitaceae) | introd.: Nearctic origin |
A. intrusa Ortego, 1998 | discal plate [ANT III with secondary sensoria] | Senecio (Asteraceae) | native | |
A. intybi Koch, 1854 | discal plate, or wide spinopleural patch with marginal sclerites | Cichorium (Asteraceae) | introd.: diverse origin | |
A. malalhuina Mier Durante, Nieto Nafría & Ortego, 1999 | ABD 1–4 sometimes with marginal sclerites in addition to others that are habitually present; siphunculi very short (0.07 mm at most) and truncate | Senecio (Asteraceae) | native | |
A. marthae Essig, 1953 | discal plate | Qillaja (Rosaceae) | native | |
A. martinezi Nieto Nafría, Ortego & Mier Durante, 1999 | ABD 1–4 with or without segmental sclerotization (marginal spots included); siphunculi tapered and slightly curved outward; cauda broad triangular | Mulinum (Apiaceae) | native | |
A. matilei Nieto Nafría, Ortego & Mier Durante, 2000 | ABD 7 without marginal tubercles; [prothoracic and abdominal segment 1 with delicate marginal tubercles] | Verbena (Verbenaceae) | native | |
A. maulensis Mier Durante & García-Tejero, 2016 | ABD 7 without marginal tubercles; [abdominal segments 2–6 with flat marginal tubercles] | Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) | native | |
A. melosae Mier Durante & Ortego, 1999 | marginal patches present (big specimens) or absent (small specimens with spinopleural sclerotization); u.r.s. 1.1–1.4 times h.t.II. | Grindelia, Haplopappus (Asteraceae) | native | |
A. mendocina Mier Durante, Ortego & Nieto Nafría, 2006 | discal plate (habitually present) or spinopleural patch more or less developed; [cauda 1.2–2.1 times its basal width] | Urtica (Urticaceae), Adesmia (Fabaceae) | native | |
A. mulini Hille Ris Lambers, 1974 | discal plate | Mulinum (Apiaceae) | native | |
A. mulinicola Hille Ris Lambers, 1974 | discal plate | Mulinum (Apiaceae) | native | |
A. nasturtii Kaltenbach, 1843 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | siphunculi pale with smoky apex and longer than finger-shaped cauda | species of numerous families | introd.: diverse origin |
A. nerii Boyer de Fonscolombe, 1841 | abdominal segments 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | cauda finger-shaped and very robust, shorter than siphunculi, both black like legs | Nerium and other Apocinaceae and Asclepiadaceae, mainly | introd.: diverse origin |
A. papillosa Mier Durante, Nieto Nafría & Ortego, 2003 | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles | Senecio (Asteraceae) | native | |
A. paravanoi Nieto Nafría, Ortego & Mier Durante, 1999 | genital plate without posterior setae | Mulium (Apiaceae) | native | |
A. patagonica Blanchard, 1944 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | cauda broad and long; ANT VI p.t. 1,5 times ANT VI b. at least | Berberis (Berberidaceae) | native |
A. pomi De Geer, 1773 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | cauda finger-shaped and robust, shorter than siphunculi, both black | Malus and other Rosaceae | introd.: diverse origin |
A. pseudopulchella Blanchard, 1944 | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles | Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) | native | |
A. renjifoanae Ortego & Nieto Nafría, 2016 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | siphunculi pale in most part darkening to apex; [small setae, on ANT III and ABD 2–4 respectively 8–10 and 12–15(20) μm] | Adesmia (Fabaceae) | native |
A. roberti Nieto Nafría, Ortego & Mier Durante, 1999 | discal plate or wide spinopleural patch more marginal sclerites | Mulinum (Apiaceae) | native | |
A. ruborum (Börner, 1931) | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | siphunculi pale and cauda finger-shaped | Rubus, Fragaria (Rosaceae) | introd.: diverse origin |
A. rumicis De Geer, 1773 | ABD 1–4 frequently with small marginal sclerites sometimes in addition to spinopleural bands or sclerites; genital plate with 9–28 setae | Rumex, Rheum (Polygonaceae) | introd.: diverse origin | |
A. sambuci Linnaeus, 1758 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | antennae, siphunculi (long) and cauda (short triangular) black | species of numerous families | introd.: diverse origin |
A. schinifoliae Blanchard, 1939 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | siphunculus entirely pale contrasting with black cauda | Schinus (Anacardiaceae) | native |
A. schinivora Ortego, Nieto Nafría & Mier Durante, 2007. | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles | Schinus (Anacardiaceae) | native | |
A. sedi Kaltenbach, 1843 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | cauda finger-shaped; ANT VI p.t. 1.6 times ANT VI b. at least | Sedum and other genera, mainly Crassulaceae | introd.: diverse origin |
A. senecionicoides Blanchard, 1944 | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles | Senecio (Asteraceae) | native | |
A. solanella Theobald, 1914 | ABD 1–4 frequently with small marginal sclerites sometimes in addition to spinopleural bands or sclerites; cauda broad finger-shaped with 11 setae at least | species of numerous families | introd.: diverse origin | |
A. spiraecola Patch, 1914 | ABD 1–4 without segmental sclerotization | cauda finger-shaped and robust, shorter than siphunculi, both black | species of numerous families | introd.: diverse origin |
A. tehuelchis Nieto Nafría y López Ciruelos, 2016 | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles | Euphorbia (Euphorbiaceae) | native | |
A. vurilocensis Nieto Nafría, Brown & López Ciruelos, 2016 | ABD 7 without marginal tubercles | Mulinum (Apiaceae) | native | |
A. zapalina Mier Durante & Ortego, 2016 | ABD 2–4 with marginal tubercles [u.r.s. very long] | Adesmia (Fabaceae) | native | |
P. middletonii (Thomas, 1879) | ABD 1–4 frequently with marginal sclerites; ANT III–IV(V) habitually with secondary sensoria; [siphunculi short tapering and cauda robust triangular, both dark brown to black] | species of numerous families | introd.: diverse origin: Nearctic | |
P. terricola (Rondani, 1847) | ABD 1–4 frequently with marginal sclerites; ANT III–IV(V) habitually with secondary sensoria [siphunculi short tapering and cauda robust triangular, both dark brown to black] | Asteraceae mainly | introd.: diverse origin |
The field work was partially financed by the Regional Government (Junta) of Castilla and León, Spain (research projects LE 45/02 and LE 034A05).
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